Cyanotypes. Photochemical blueprinting (also known as cyanotype process , from the Greek kyanos-blue) is one of the historically oldest photographic techniques that produce intensively blue pictures. Today it is classified as the member of a family of alternative photographic processes. This process was developed in 1842 by the English natural scientist and astronomer Sir John Frederick Herschel (1792-1871). Cyanotype was thus the third photographic technique after daguerrotype and talbotype (calotype), with which stable photographic pictures could be obtained. Unlike previous silver-based techniques, cyanotype is based on the light sensitivity of iron(III) complexes, which makes it comparatively inexpensive. Herschel himself is the author of today’s common expressions such as negative, positive, photograph and snapshot. Figure 1: Sir John Frederick Herschel, English astronomer, mathematician, chemist and pioneer of photography, especially the cyanotype The intensive blue color of cy...
Chemiluminescence is the emission of cold light as a result of a chemical reaction. In a chemiluminescent reaction, reactive intermediates are formed which enter electronically excited states. Subsequent transition back to ground state is accompanied by a release of energy in form of light. The mechanism is depicted in Fig. 5. Fig. 5: Scenarios of a chemiluminescent reaction Compounds A and B react together forming C* and D while C* is in electronically excited or energetically rich state. C* can get rid of its extra energy by several pathways:Non-productive non-radiative transitions producing heat (undesirable process) Direct deexcitation of C* by a radiative transition with concomitant emission of light characteristic for C* Indirect deexcitation – C* transfers its extra energy to a a suitable fluorescer that can act as a temporary energy acceptor and then emit the energy in form of light. The emission spectrum is then dependent on the structure of fluorescer. This can be used with a...
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